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Oil pump (internal combustion engine)
The oil pump in an internal combustion engine circulates engine oil under pressure to the rotating bearings, the sliding pistons and the camshaft of the engine. This lubricates the bearings, allows the use of higher-capacity fluid bearings and also assists in cooling the engine.
As well as its primary purpose for lubrication, pressurized oil is increasingly used as a hydraulic fluid to power small actuators. One of the first notable uses in this way was for hydraulic tappets in camshaft and valve actuation. Increasingly common recent uses may include the tensioner for a timing belt or variators for variable valve timing systems.
== Pumps ==
The type of pump used varies. Gear pumps〔(How a gear pump works )〕 trochoid pumps〔(Trochoid pump )〕 and vane pumps〔Sliding vane pumps have become less common, as modern manufacturing techniques can more cheaply produce the complex precise shapes needed for other pump types. As engine life becomes longer and more reliable, the wear aspect of the sliding vanes also becomes a concern.〕 are all commonly used. Plunger pumps have been used in the past, but these are now only used rarely, for small engines.
To avoid the need for priming, the pump is always mounted low-down, either submerged or around the level of the oil in the sump. A short pick-up pipe with a simple wire-mesh strainer reaches to the bottom of the sump.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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